Chloroquine Syrup
Chloroquine Phosphate
50mg/5ml
Riyadh Pharma (Medical and Cosmetic Products Company Ltd.)
| Pack size | 100ml Glass Bottle |
|---|---|
| Dispensing mode | POM |
| Source | SAUDI ARABIA |
| Agent | Modern Pharmaceutical Co. |
| Retail Price | 6.50 AED |
Indications
Chloroquine Syrup is used for:
Rheumatoid arthritis, Malaria, Systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE, Amoebiasis
Adult Dose
Malaria
Prevention: 500 mg (300 mg base) PO once/week
Non-chloroquine-resistant
1 g (600 mg base) PO, THEN
500 mg (300 mg base) PO 6-8 hours later, THEN
500 mg (300 mg base) PO at 24 hours & 48 hours after initial dose
Amebiasis, Extraintestinal
1 g (600 mg base) PO qDay for 2 days, THEN
500 mg (300 mg base) qDay for 14-21 days
Child Dose
Malaria
Prophylaxis: 5 mg/kg PO q1Week
Treatment
1st dose: 10 mg/kg PO x1 dose
6 hours after 1st dose: 5 mg/kg PO qDay x2 days
Renal Dose
Renal impairment: May need to reduce dose in prolonged treatment.
Administration
Should be taken with food.
Contra Indications
Hypersensitivity, known or suspected resistant P. falciparum infection, porphyria, retinal damage, concurrent hepatotoxic drugs.
Precautions
Psoriasis, diseases of the haematopoietic or CNS systems, myasthenia gravis, hepatic or renal impairment, G6PD deficiency, epilepsy, childn. Pregnancy and lactation. Slow infusion is used upon IV admin to prevent cardiotoxicity.
Lactation: enters breast milk/not recommended
Pregnancy-Lactation
Pregnancy
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of chloroquine in pregnant women; usage during pregnancy should be avoided except in prophylaxis or treatment of malaria when benefit outweighs potential risk to fetus
Lactation
Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from chloroquine, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue drug, taking into account potential clinical benefit of drug to mother
Interactions
Concomitant therapy with phenylbutazone predisposes to dermatitis, antagonises effect of neostigmine and pyridostigmine, reduces bioavailability of ampicillin. Cimetidine inhibits metabolism of chloroquine raising plasma levels.
Potentially Fatal: Increased risks of inducing ventricular arrhythmias with halofantrine or other arrhythmogenic drugs eg, amiodarone. Increased risk of convulsions with mefloquine. Antacids reduce absorption of chloroquine hence admin should be separated by 4 hrs. Rarely Stevens-Johnson syndrome, when administered with pyrimethamine/sulphadoxine. Increased toxicity with quinacrine
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Chloroquine Phosphate :
Retinopathy, hair loss, photosensitivity, tinnitus, myopathy (long-term therapy). Diarrhea, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Stomach cramps, Vomiting, Psychosis, seizures, leucopenia and rarely aplastic anaemia, hepatitis, GI upsets, dizziness, hypokalaemia, headache, pruritus, urticaria, difficulty in visual accommodation.
Potentially Fatal: Cardiac and respiratory arrest, CV collapse, convulsions, coma.
Mechanism of Action
Chloroquine is used for malarial prophylaxis (as a suppressive) and in managing acute attacks of malaria. It is highly active against erythrocytic forms of P. vivax, P. malariae and P. falciparum. It influences Hb digestion by increasing intravesicular pH in malaria parasite cells and interferes with the nucleoprotein synthesis of the patient. It is also effective in extra intestinal amoebiasis. In RA chloroquine and more effectively hydroxychloroquine have a disease-modifying effect.
Note
Chloroquine 50mg/5ml Syrup manufactured by Riyadh Pharma (Medical and Cosmetic Products Company Ltd.). Its generic name is Chloroquine Phosphate. Chloroquine is availble in United Arab Emirates.
Farmaco UAE drug index information on Chloroquine Syrup is not intended for diagnosis, medical advice or treatment; neither intended to be a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment.