Maxiclear Hayfever & Sinus Relief Tablets
Loratadine, Phenylephrine
"2.5mg, 10mg"
AFT Pharmaceuticals Limited
| Pack size | 30's (10's Blister x 3) |
|---|---|
| Dispensing mode | POM |
| Source | NEW ZEALAND |
| Agent | PHARMALINK |
| Retail Price | 22.00 AED |
Indications
Maxiclear Hayfever & Sinus Relief Tablets is used for:
Loratadine
Loratadine is a 2nd generation antihistamine and is typically used to manage symptoms of allergic rhinitis, wheal formation and urticaria.[A176435][A176438] Unlike 1st generation antihistamines, loratadine is non-sedating since it has minimal effect on the central nervous system with only a small amount entering the brain. [A176438]
Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine is mainly used to treat nasal congestion, but may also be useful in treating hypotension and shock, hypotension during spinal anaesthesia, prolongation of spinal anaesthesia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, symptomatic relief of external or internal hemorrhoids, and to increase blood pressure as an aid in the diagnosis of heart murmurs.
Loratadine is a 2nd generation antihistamine and is typically used to manage symptoms of allergic rhinitis, wheal formation and urticaria.[A176435][A176438] Unlike 1st generation antihistamines, loratadine is non-sedating since it has minimal effect on the central nervous system with only a small amount entering the brain. [A176438]
Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine is mainly used to treat nasal congestion, but may also be useful in treating hypotension and shock, hypotension during spinal anaesthesia, prolongation of spinal anaesthesia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, symptomatic relief of external or internal hemorrhoids, and to increase blood pressure as an aid in the diagnosis of heart murmurs.
Adult Dose
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Precautions
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Loratadine, Phenylephrine :
Mechanism of Action
Loratadine
Loratadine binds to H1 histamine receptors found on the surface of various cells including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, airway cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. [A176441] H1 histamine receptors fall under the wider umbrella of G-protein coupled receptors, therefore there is a balance of the active and inactive forms of H1 receptors at baseline.[A175060] Histamine causes cross linking on transmembrane domain sites III and V which stabilizes the active form of the receptor, while antihistamines bind at different sites on the H1 receptor, favouring the inactive form.[A176441] Given the mechanism of action, Loratadine should be referred to as an "inverse agonist" rather than a "histamine antagonist". [A176441][A175060]
Phenylephrine
In general, α1-adrenergic receptors mediate contraction and hypertrophic growth of smooth muscle cells. α1-receptors are 7-transmembrane domain receptors coupled to G proteins, Gq/11. Three α1-receptor subtypes, which share approximately 75% homology in their transmembrane domains, have been identified: α1A (chromosome 8), α1B (chromosome 5), and α1D (chromosome 20). Phenylephrine appears to act similarly on all three receptor subtypes. All three receptor subtypes appear to be involved in maintaining vascular tone. The α1A-receptor maintains basal vascular tone while the α1B-receptor mediates the vasocontrictory effects of exogenous α1-agonists. Activation of the α1-receptor activates Gq-proteins, which results in intracellular stimulation of phospholipases C, A2, and D. This results in mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, activation of mitogen-activated kinase and PI3 kinase pathways and subsequent vasoconstriction. Phenylephrine produces its local and systemic actions by acting on α1-adrenergic receptors peripheral vascular smooth muscle. Stimulation of the α1-adrenergic receptors results in contraction arteriolar smooth muscle in the periphery. Phenylephrine decreases nasal congestion by acting on α1-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the nasal mucosa to produce constriction; this leads to decreased edema and increased drainage of the sinus cavities.
Loratadine binds to H1 histamine receptors found on the surface of various cells including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, airway cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. [A176441] H1 histamine receptors fall under the wider umbrella of G-protein coupled receptors, therefore there is a balance of the active and inactive forms of H1 receptors at baseline.[A175060] Histamine causes cross linking on transmembrane domain sites III and V which stabilizes the active form of the receptor, while antihistamines bind at different sites on the H1 receptor, favouring the inactive form.[A176441] Given the mechanism of action, Loratadine should be referred to as an "inverse agonist" rather than a "histamine antagonist". [A176441][A175060]
Phenylephrine
In general, α1-adrenergic receptors mediate contraction and hypertrophic growth of smooth muscle cells. α1-receptors are 7-transmembrane domain receptors coupled to G proteins, Gq/11. Three α1-receptor subtypes, which share approximately 75% homology in their transmembrane domains, have been identified: α1A (chromosome 8), α1B (chromosome 5), and α1D (chromosome 20). Phenylephrine appears to act similarly on all three receptor subtypes. All three receptor subtypes appear to be involved in maintaining vascular tone. The α1A-receptor maintains basal vascular tone while the α1B-receptor mediates the vasocontrictory effects of exogenous α1-agonists. Activation of the α1-receptor activates Gq-proteins, which results in intracellular stimulation of phospholipases C, A2, and D. This results in mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, activation of mitogen-activated kinase and PI3 kinase pathways and subsequent vasoconstriction. Phenylephrine produces its local and systemic actions by acting on α1-adrenergic receptors peripheral vascular smooth muscle. Stimulation of the α1-adrenergic receptors results in contraction arteriolar smooth muscle in the periphery. Phenylephrine decreases nasal congestion by acting on α1-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the nasal mucosa to produce constriction; this leads to decreased edema and increased drainage of the sinus cavities.
Note
Maxiclear Hayfever & Sinus Relief "2.5mg, 10mg" Tablets manufactured by AFT Pharmaceuticals Limited. Its generic name is Loratadine, Phenylephrine. Maxiclear Hayfever & Sinus Relief is availble in United Arab Emirates.
Farmaco UAE drug index information on Maxiclear Hayfever & Sinus Relief Tablets is not intended for diagnosis, medical advice or treatment; neither intended to be a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment.