Alpha Ketoanalogues & essential amino acids (Isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine, methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-histidine, L-tyrosine, nitrogen)
Indications
Alpha Ketoanalogues & essential amino acids (Isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine, methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-histidine, L-tyrosine, nitrogen) is used for:
Prevention and therapy of damages due to faulty or deficient protein metabolism in chronic renal insufficiency in connection with limited protein in food of <40 g/day (for adults) ie, generally in patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <25 mL/min.
CKD, diabetic nephropathy patients with proteinuria, creatininie clearance less than 50ml/min.
Chronic renal insufficiency in compensated or decompensated retention.
Adult Dose
For oral use. Swallow whole.
Adults (70 kg body weight): If not otherwise prescribed take 4-8 tablets 3 times a day during meals.
It is given as long as the GFR is <25 mL/min and a diet with an intake of maximum 40 g protein/day (for adults) is followed.
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Hypercalcaemia, disturbed amino acid metabolism.
In case of hereditary phenylketonuria, it has to be taken into account that it contains phenylalanine.
Precautions
It should be taken during meals to allow proper absorption and metabolism into the corresponding amino acids. The serum calcium level should be monitored regularly.
Ensure the sufficient supply with calories.
Use in pregnancy & lactation: No experience has been made so far with the application in pregnancy and lactation.
Use in children: No experience has been made so far with the application in paediatric.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Alpha Ketoanalogues & essential amino acids (Isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine, methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-histidine, L-tyrosine, nitrogen) :
Hypercalcaemia may develop. In this case, it is recommended to decrease vitamin D intake.
If the hypercalcaemia persists, reduce the dosage as well as any other source of calcium.
Mechanism of Action
Amino acids, including combinations with polypeptides. This allows the intake of essential amino acids while minimizing the amino-nitrogen intake. Following absorption, the keto- and hydroxyanalogues are transaminated to the corresponding essential amino acids by taking nitrogen from non-essential amino acids, thereby decreasing the formation of urea by re-using the amino group. Hence, the accumulation of uraemic toxins is reduced.