Ammonium chloride, Chlorpheniramine maleate, Dextromethorphan HBr, Gaiphenesine
Indications
Ammonium chloride, Chlorpheniramine maleate, Dextromethorphan HBr, Gaiphenesine is used for:
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
Ammonium chloride is primarily indicated in conditions like cough, metabolic alkalosis, urinary retention, urinary retention.
CHLORPHENAMINE
For the treatment of rhinitis, urticaria, allergy, common cold, asthma and hay fever.
DEXTROMETHORPHAN
For treatment and relief of dry cough.
GUAIFENESIN
Used to assist the expectoration of phlegm from the airways in acute respiratory tract infections.
Ammonium chloride is primarily indicated in conditions like cough, metabolic alkalosis, urinary retention, urinary retention.
CHLORPHENAMINE
For the treatment of rhinitis, urticaria, allergy, common cold, asthma and hay fever.
DEXTROMETHORPHAN
For treatment and relief of dry cough.
GUAIFENESIN
Used to assist the expectoration of phlegm from the airways in acute respiratory tract infections.
Adult Dose
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Precautions
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Ammonium chloride, Chlorpheniramine maleate, Dextromethorphan HBr, Gaiphenesine :
Mechanism of Action
CHLORPHENAMINE
Chlorpheniramine binds to the histamine h1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine.
DEXTROMETHORPHAN
Dextromethorphan is an opioid-like drug that binds to and acts as antagonist to the nmda glutamatergic receptor, it is an agonist to the opioid sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors, it is also an alpha3/beta4 nicotinic receptor antagonist and targets the serotonin reuptake pump. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, where it enters the bloodstream and crosses the blood-brain barrier. The first-pass through the hepatic portal vein results in some of the drug being metabolized into an active metabolite of dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, the 3-hydroxy derivative of dextromethorphan.
GUAIFENESIN
Guaifenesin may act as an irritant to gastric vagal receptors, and recruit efferent parasympathetic reflexes that cause glandular exocytosis of a less viscous mucus mixture. Cough may be provoked. This combination may flush tenacious, congealed mucopurulent material from obstructed small airways and lead to a temporary improvement in dyspnea or the work of breathing.
Chlorpheniramine binds to the histamine h1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine.
DEXTROMETHORPHAN
Dextromethorphan is an opioid-like drug that binds to and acts as antagonist to the nmda glutamatergic receptor, it is an agonist to the opioid sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors, it is also an alpha3/beta4 nicotinic receptor antagonist and targets the serotonin reuptake pump. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, where it enters the bloodstream and crosses the blood-brain barrier. The first-pass through the hepatic portal vein results in some of the drug being metabolized into an active metabolite of dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, the 3-hydroxy derivative of dextromethorphan.
GUAIFENESIN
Guaifenesin may act as an irritant to gastric vagal receptors, and recruit efferent parasympathetic reflexes that cause glandular exocytosis of a less viscous mucus mixture. Cough may be provoked. This combination may flush tenacious, congealed mucopurulent material from obstructed small airways and lead to a temporary improvement in dyspnea or the work of breathing.