Ammonium chloride, Ephedrine HCl, Mepyramine maleate
Indications
Ammonium chloride, Ephedrine HCl, Mepyramine maleate is used for:
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
Ammonium chloride is primarily indicated in conditions like cough, metabolic alkalosis, urinary retention, urinary retention.
EPHEDRINE
Ephedrine commonly used as a stimulant, appetite suppressant, concentration aid, decongestant, and to treat hypotension associated with anaesthesia.
MEPYRAMINE
Mepyramine is a first generation antihistamine used in treating allergies, ymptomatic relief of hypersensitivity reaction, and in pruritic skin disorders.
Ammonium chloride is primarily indicated in conditions like cough, metabolic alkalosis, urinary retention, urinary retention.
EPHEDRINE
Ephedrine commonly used as a stimulant, appetite suppressant, concentration aid, decongestant, and to treat hypotension associated with anaesthesia.
MEPYRAMINE
Mepyramine is a first generation antihistamine used in treating allergies, ymptomatic relief of hypersensitivity reaction, and in pruritic skin disorders.
Adult Dose
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Precautions
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Ammonium chloride, Ephedrine HCl, Mepyramine maleate :
Mechanism of Action
EPHEDRINE
Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine - that is, its principal mechanism of action relies on its direct and indirect actions on the adrenergic receptor system, which is part of the sympathetic nervous system. Ephedrine increases post-synaptic noradrenergic receptor activity by (weakly) directly activating post-synaptic a-receptors and ?-receptors, but the bulk of its effect comes from the pre-synaptic neuron being unable to distinguish between real adrenaline or noradrenaline from ephedrine. The ephedrine, mixed with noradrenaline, is transported through the noradrenaline reuptake complex and packaged (along with real noradrenaline) into vesicles that reside at the terminal button of a nerve cell. Ephedrine's action as an agonist at most major noradrenaline receptors and its ability to increase the release of both dopamine and to a lesser extent, serotonin by the same mechanism is presumed to have a major role in its mechanism of action.
MEPYRAMINE
Mepyramine is a histamine h1 receptor inverse agonist. It binds to a g protein-coupled form of the receptor and promotes a g protein-coupled inactive state of the h1 receptor that interferes with the gq/11-mediated signaling. Mepyramine competes with histamine for binding at h1-receptor sites on the effector cell surface, resulting in suppression of histaminic edema, flare, and pruritus. The sedative properties of mepyramine occur at the subcortical level of the cns.
Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine - that is, its principal mechanism of action relies on its direct and indirect actions on the adrenergic receptor system, which is part of the sympathetic nervous system. Ephedrine increases post-synaptic noradrenergic receptor activity by (weakly) directly activating post-synaptic a-receptors and ?-receptors, but the bulk of its effect comes from the pre-synaptic neuron being unable to distinguish between real adrenaline or noradrenaline from ephedrine. The ephedrine, mixed with noradrenaline, is transported through the noradrenaline reuptake complex and packaged (along with real noradrenaline) into vesicles that reside at the terminal button of a nerve cell. Ephedrine's action as an agonist at most major noradrenaline receptors and its ability to increase the release of both dopamine and to a lesser extent, serotonin by the same mechanism is presumed to have a major role in its mechanism of action.
MEPYRAMINE
Mepyramine is a histamine h1 receptor inverse agonist. It binds to a g protein-coupled form of the receptor and promotes a g protein-coupled inactive state of the h1 receptor that interferes with the gq/11-mediated signaling. Mepyramine competes with histamine for binding at h1-receptor sites on the effector cell surface, resulting in suppression of histaminic edema, flare, and pruritus. The sedative properties of mepyramine occur at the subcortical level of the cns.