Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.25% + Lidocaine Hydrochloride

Indications

Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.25% + Lidocaine Hydrochloride is used for: Acute sore throats

Adult Dose

Adult: Mouth/throat Oral hygiene; As gel: Brush teeth w/ 1 inch of gel once or bid for about 1 min.

Child Dose

Renal Dose

Administration

Contra Indications

Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients.

Precautions

Avoid contact w/ sensitive tissues and eyes. Do not use in body cavities.Avoid eating, drinking, or brushing your teeth just after using this medication

Pregnancy-Lactation

Interactions

May increase serum levels w/ cimetidine and propranolol. Increased risk of cardiac depression w/ ?-blockers and other antiarrhythmics. Additive cardiac effects w/ IV phenytoin. Hypokalaemia caused by acetazolamide, loop diuretics and thiazides may antagonise effect of lidocaine. Dose requirements may be increased w/ long-term use of phenytoin and other enzyme-inducers.

Adverse Effects

Side effects of Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.25% + Lidocaine Hydrochloride : Skin sensitivity; reversible brown staining of the teeth; tongue discoloration and burning sensation; transient taste disturbance; parotid gland swelling. Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis.

Mechanism of Action

Chlorhexidine is a very potent cationic chemoprophylactic agent that has a broad-spectrum of activity against gm+ve and gm-ve bacteria. It is both bacteriostatic and bactericidal depending on its concentration. The bactericidal effect, which is achieved at high concentrations, is due to the binding of the cationic to negatively charged bacterial cell walls and extramicrobial complexes. Bacteriostatic effect is achieved at low concentrations which causes an alteration of bacterial cell osmotic equilibrium and leakage of potassium and phosphorus. Lidocaine is an amide type local anaesth. It stabilises the neuronal membrane and inhibits Na ion movements, which are necessary for conduction of impulses. In the heart, lidocaine reduces depolarisation of the ventricles during diastole and automaticity in the His-Purkinje system. Duration of action potential and effective refractory period are also reduced.