Crizanlizumab
Indications
Crizanlizumab is used for:
Sickle Cell Disease
Adult Dose
Sickle Cell Disease
Indicated to reduce the frequency of vasoocclusive crises in adults with sickle cell disease
5 mg/kg IV on Week 0, Week 2, and q4Weeks thereafter
Child Dose
Sickle Cell Disease
Indicated to reduce the frequency of vasoocclusive crises in adults and pediatric patients aged ?16 years with sickle cell disease
<16 years: Safety and efficacy not established
>16 years
5 mg/kg IV on Week 0, Week 2, and q4Weeks thereafter
Renal Dose
Renal impairment: Effect of renal or hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of crizanlizumab-tmca is unknown
Administration
IV Preparation
Bring vials to room temperature
Visually inspect the vials and parenteral drug products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration
Crizanlizumab is clear to opalescent, colorless, or may have a slightly brownish-yellow tint; do not use if particles are present in the solution
Obtain a 100-mL 0.9% NaCl or dextrose 5% infusion bag/container
Infusion bags/containers must be made of either polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), or polypropylene (PP)
Remove a volume from the infusion bag/container that is equal to the required drug
Withdraw required drug solution and dilute by adding to the infusion bag/container
Drug volume added to the infusion bag/container should not exceed 96 mL
Gently invert the infusion bag to mix the diluted solution; do not shake
Discard any unused portion
Dilute drug in 0.9% NaCl or dextrose 5% to a total volume of 100 mL
IV Administration
Infuse IV over 30 minutes through a line that must contain a sterile, nonpyrogenic 0.2-micron inline filter
No incompatibilities have been observed with infusion sets composed of PVC, polyethylene (PE-lined PVC), polyurethane (PU), and inline filter membranes composed of polyethersulfone (PES, neutral and positively charged), positively charged polyamide (PA), and polysulphone (PSU)
After administration, flush line with at least 25 mL of 0.9% NaCl or dextrose 5%
Dispose of any unused product or waste material in accordance with local requirements
May be given with or without hydroxyurea
Contra Indications
Precautions
In a clinical trial, infusion-related reactions (defined as occurring within 24 hours of infusion) were observed; monitor patients for signs and symptoms of infusion-related reactions, which may include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, pruritus, urticaria, sweating, shortness of breath, or wheezing; discontinue infusion for severe reactions and institute appropriate medical care
Pregnancy-Lactation
Pregnancy
Based on data from animal studies, fetal harm may occur when administered to a pregnant woman
There are insufficient human data on use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes
Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus
Only use during pregnancy if expected benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus
Animal data
In an animal reproduction study, IV administration of crizanlizumab-tmca to pregnant cynomolgus monkeys from onset of organogenesis through delivery resulted in a non-dose-related increased fetal loss (abortions/stillbirths) at doses ~2.8 times the exposure at the recommended clinical dose at 5 mg/kg/dose once q4Weeks
Disease-associated maternal and/or embryofetal risk
Women with sickle cell disease have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for the mother and the fetus
Pregnant women are at greater risk for vasoocclusive crises, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and maternal mortality
For the fetus, there is an increased risk for intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and perinatal mortality
Lactation
There are no data on the presence of crizanlizumab-tmca in human or animal milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production
Maternal IgG is known to be present in human milk
Effects of local gastrointestinal exposure and
Interactions
Interference with automated platelet counts (platelet clumping) has been observed following administration, in particular when blood samples were collected in tubes containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); mitigation strategies are recommended
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Crizanlizumab :
>10%
Nausea (18%)
Arthralgia (18%)
Back pain (15%)
Pyrexia (11%)
<10%
Oropharyngeal pain
Abdominal pain (abdominal pain, upper abdominal pain, lower abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort, and abdominal tenderness)
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Pruritus (pruritus and vulvovaginal pruritus)
Musculoskeletal chest pain
Myalgia
Infusion-site reaction (infusion-site extravasation, infusion-site pain, and infusion-site swelling)
Infusion-related reaction
Mechanism of Action
A humanized IgG2 kappa monoclonal antibody binds to P-selectin and blocks interactions with its ligands, including P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1
Binding P-selectin on the surface of the activated endothelium and platelets blocks interactions between endothelial cells, platelets, red blood cells, and leukocytes