Dextrose 100 %
Indications
Dextrose 100 % is used for:
Hypoglycemia, Nutrition, Hydration
Adult Dose
Oral
As directed by a physician. Dosage should be adjusted to meet the requirements of each individual patient.Dosage is dependent upon the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations.
Child Dose
Oral
As directed by a physician. Dosage should be adjusted to meet the requirements of each individual patient.Dosage is dependent upon the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations.
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Solutions containing dextrose may be contraindicated in patients with known allergy to corn or corn products.
A concentrated dextrose solution should not be used when intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage is present nor in the presence of delirium tremens if the patient is already dehydrated.
Precautions
Electrolyte deficits, particularly in serum potassium and phosphate, may occur during prolonged use of concentrated dextrose solutions. Blood electrolyte monitoring is essential, and fluid and electrolyte imbalances should be corrected. Essential vitamins and minerals also should be provided as needed. Solutions containing dextrose should be used with caution in patients with known subclinical or overt diabetes mellitus.
Concentrated dextrose solutions should not be administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Do not administer unless solution is clear and container is undamaged. Discard unused portion.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Pregnancy Category: A (oral)
Maternal and fetal hyperglycemia may occur during labor and delivery; monitor
Lactation: Excretion in milk unknown; use with caution
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Dextrose 100 % :
Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis and chills.
Reactions which may occur because of the injection or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation and hypervolemia.
If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.
Mechanism of Action
Dextrose is a monosaccharide that is used as a source of calories and water for hydration. It helps to reduce loss of body protein and nitrogen. It also promotes glycogen deposition in the liver. When used with insulin, it stimulates the uptake of potassium by cells, especially in muscle tissue, thus lowering serum potassium levels.