Digoxin immune FAB
Indications
Digoxin immune FAB is used for:
Digoxin toxicity
Adult Dose
Acute Ingestion of Unknown Quantity
Injection
Administer 20 vials
Larger dose has faster onset, but may cause febrile reaction; may give 10 vials initially, then at physician's discretion, administer 10 more vials
Each vial of Fab (40 mg of Fab) binds 0.5 mg digoxin
Equimolar dose to ingested digoxin (76/80 mg FAB = 1 mg digoxin)
Acute Ingestion of Known Amount
Total digoxin load (mg) divided by 0.5 mg digoxin bound per vial = number of vials to use
Toxicity During Chronic Therapy
Acute distress or for whom a serum digoxin concentration is not available: Administer 6 vials
Child Dose
Acute Ingestion of Unknown Quantity
Injection
As adults; administer 20 vials
Larger dose has faster onset, but may cause febrile reaction; may give 10 vials initially, then at physician's discretion, administer 10 more vials;
Small children: Monitor for volume overload
Acute Ingestion of Known Amount
As adults; total digoxin load (mg) divided by 0.5 mg digoxin bound per vial = number of vials to use
Toxicity During Chronic Therapy
Infants and small children (<20 kg): Administer 1 vial
Renal Dose
Renal Impairment
Dose adjustment not necessary but use caution as digoxin immune Fab complex is renally eliminated
Administration
IV Preparation
Reconstitute with 4 mL SWI to obtain a 9.5 mg/mL Digibind solution or 10 mg/mL Fab soln
For infusion further dilute with NS to desired volume
If very small doses are necessary (<3 mg), may dilute with NS to 1 mg/mL
IV Administration
Infuse over 15-30 min
Fab should NOT be administered through filter
May be given as rapid IVP if cardiac arrest is imminent (generally not recommended due to increased adverse reactions)
Contra Indications
Hypersensitivity to sheep proteins
Precautions
Serum digoxin levels rise after digibind treatment - do not use serum levels to guide continuing treatment
Hypokalemia may occur from shifting of extracellular potassium to intracellular space; monitor closely
Patients with heart failure may experience symptom exacerbation due to reduction in digoxin serum concentration
Caution in patients with renal failure
Pregnancy-Lactation
Pregnancy Category: C
Lactation: excretion in milk unknown; use with caution
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Digoxin immune FAB :
Frequency Not Defined
Effects (due to w/d of digitalis) include exacerbation of HF, rapid ventricular response in patients with a.fib; posteral hypotension
Falsely increases digoxin concentrations
Hypokalemia
Loss of disease control
Phlebitis
Fever, May occur with doses above 10 vials
Allergic reactions
Serum sickness
Mechanism of Action
Antibody binds digoxin or other cardiac glycosides and it is then excreted by the kidneys and removed from the body