Isoniazid + Thiacetazone
Indications
Isoniazid + Thiacetazone is used for:
Tuberculosis
Adult Dose
Adult: PO/IM Active tuberculosis 5 mg/kg/day. Max: 300 mg/day.
Latent tuberculosis 300 mg/day for 6 mth.
Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections 5 mg/kg/day for at least 12 mth of culture-negative sputum. Max: 300 mg/day.
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Acute liver disease or history of hepatic damage during INH therapy; hypersensitivity.
Precautions
Renal or hepatic impairment; convulsive disorders; history of psychosis; patients at risk of neuropathy or pyridoxine deficiency eg, diabetic, alcoholic, malnourished, uraemic, infected with HIV. Careful monitoring of hepatic function is necessary for black and hispanic women. Check hepatic function before and during treatment. Pregnancy and lactation.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Isoniazid + Thiacetazone :
Peripheral neuritis, optic neuritis; psychotic reactions, convulsions, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, epigastric distress, visual disturbances, fever, rash, pyridoxine deficiency.
Potentially Fatal: Hepatotoxicity.
Mechanism of Action
Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycoloic acids in susceptible bacteria which results in loss of acid-fastness and disruption of bacterial cell wall. At therapeutic levels, it is bacteriocidal against actively growing intracellular and extracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms.