Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine
Indications
Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine is used for:
Nausea and vomiting, Short-term management of, anxiety, tension, Psychoses, Gastrointestinal disorders, Genitourinary spasm, Hyperchlorhydria, Functional diarrhea, Irritable or spastic colon, Pylorospasm, Biliary dyskinesia, Duodenitis
Adult Dose
Oral
Adult:
Psychoses 2-5 mg twice daily, up to 15-20 mg/day. Severe or resistant: 40 mg/day.
Nausea and vomiting; Short-term management of anxiety 1-2 mg twice daily. Max: 6 mg/day.
For anxiety: Max duration: 12 wk.
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Preexisting CNS depression and coma; bone marrow depression, blood dyscrasias, liver disease, hypersensitivity to phenothiazines, prolactin dependent tumours. Pregnancy (1st trimester), lactation.
Precautions
Cardiovascular disease, epilepsy, angle-closure glaucoma, exposure to extreme temperatures, elderly, parkinson's disease, myasthenia gravis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, DM, renal amd hepatic impairment. Discontinue trifluoperazine at least 48 hr before myelography and do not resume for at least 24 hr after procedure. Do not use trifluoperazine in control of nausea and vomiting occurring either prior to myelography or postprocedure with metrizamide. Pregnancy.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Increased CNS depression with CNS depressants such as opiates or other analgesics, barbiturates or other sedatives, general anaesthetics, or alcohol. Increased risk of side effects with drugs with antimuscarinic properties e.g. TCA, antiparkinsonian drugs. Antagonised effects of dopaminergic drugs such as levodopa. Increased risk of hypotension with antihypertensives, trazodone. Reverses antihypertensive effect of guanethidine. Increased risk of severe extrapyramidal side-effects or severe neurotoxicity with lithium. Possible decrease in absorption with antacids.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Isopropamide + Trifluoperazine :
Drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness, sedation, antimuscarinic affects, postural hypotension, akathisia, muscle weakness, anorexia, insomnia, rash, amenorrhoea, fatigue, increased prolactin levels, extrapyramidal side effects.
Potentially Fatal: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, blood dyscrasias.
Mechanism of Action
Trifluoperazine inhibits dopamine D2 receptors in the brain. It has weak anticholinergic and sedative effects but strong extrapyramidal and antiemetic effects. It controls severely disturbed, agitated or violent behaviour but may also be used for nonpsychotic anxiety.