Measles and Rubella Vaccine (Live, attenuated)
Indications
Measles and Rubella Vaccine (Live, attenuated) is used for:
Measles, Rubella. Indicated for simultaneous immunization against measles and rubella in person older than 8 months. Immunization of susceptible non-pregnant adolescents and adult females are indicated if certain precautions are observed.
Adult Dose
Adults: A single dose of 0.5 ml of the reconstituted vaccine given by deep subcutaneous injection into the anterolateral aspect of upper thigh in toddlers and outer aspect of arm in older children and adults. Do not give intravenously.
Women at child bearing age- A single dose of 0.5 ml before planning for pregnancy.
Child Dose
Children: A single dose of 0.5 ml of the reconstituted vaccine given by deep subcutaneous injection into the anterolateral aspect of upper thigh in toddlers and outer aspect of arm in older children and adults. Do not give intravenously.
EPI schedule: After completion of 9 months, 1 dose of measles-rubella (MR) vaccine should be given. After completion of 15 months, 1 dose of only measles containing vaccine should be given.
Renal Dose
Administration
Reconstituted vaccine given by deep subcutaneous injection into the anterolateral aspect of upper thigh in toddlers and outer aspect of arm in older children and adults. Do not give intravenously.
Contra Indications
Allergic to any ingredient in the vaccine.
Individuals receiving corticosteroids, other immuno-suppressive drugs or undergoing radio-therapy may not develop an optimal immune response. The vaccine should not be given in febrile states, pregnancy, acute infectious diseases, leukaemia, severe anaemia and other severe diseases of the blood system, severe impairment of the renal function, decompensated heart diseases, following administration of gammaglobulin or blood transfusions or to subjects with potential allergies to vaccine components.
Precautions
Do not give intravenously. Epinephrine and other drugs should be prepared for emergency use in case of occasional severe allergic reaction. Other attenuated live vaccine should be vaccinated with an interval of at least 1 month from this vaccine, but this vaccine can be vaccinated simultaneously with attenuated live mumps vaccine. The people receiving injection of immune globulin should be vaccinated with an interval of at least 3 months so as not to affect the immune effect.
Women of childbearing age should avoid pregnancy within at least 3 months after injection of this vaccine. The vaccine should not be used if vaccine bottle has cracks or unclear labels, the vaccine is beyond shelf life, and abnormal appearance (such as turbidity) is observed after reconstitution. The vaccine should be used immediately after opening. This product is an attenuated live vaccine and it is not recommended to be used in the epidemic season. Freezing is prohibited.
Pregnancy should be avoided for atleast 3 months following vaccination. Caution should be exercised when Measles and Rubella vaccine is administered to a nursing woman.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Affected by Ig.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Measles and Rubella Vaccine (Live, attenuated) :
Common side-effects :
Generally pain and tenderness at the injection site may occur within 24 hours after vaccination, which usually disappear by itself within 2-3 days.
Generally transient fever reaction may occur within 1-2 weeks after vaccination.
Rash: generally mild rash may occur within 12 days after vaccination, which generally lasts for no more than 2 days.
Rare side- effects:
Severe fever reaction: physical methods and drugs should be used for symptomatic treatment to prevent febrile seizures.
Very rare side-effects:
Allergic rash: generally urticaria may occur within 72 hours after vaccination, and if this reaction occurs, anti-allergy treatment should be timely given.
Anaphylactic shock: generally occurs within 1 hour after vaccination. Injection of epinephrine and other emergency measures should be timely given for treatment.
Anaphylactoid purpura: medical care should be timely given if anaphylactoid purpura occurs. Cortical steroids can be given for anti-allergy treatment. Improper or not timely treatment is likely to cause anaphylatic purpura nephritis.
Thrombocytopenia purpura.
Adults may develop arthritis, pain and swelling of large joints after vaccination
Mechanism of Action
Live, attenuated viruses stimulate active immunity to disease caused by measles and rubella viruses.