Micafungin
Indications
Micafungin is used for:
Candidiasis, Candidemia, Disseminated Candidiasis, Candida Peritonitis & Abscesses
Adult Dose
Intravenos
Candidiasis
Treatment (esophageal): 150 mg/day IV infusion x10-30 days (mean 15 days)
Prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transfer (HSCT) patients: 50 mg/day IV infusion x6-51 days (mean 19 days)
Candidemia, Disseminated Candidiasis, Candida Peritonitis & Abscesses
100 mg/day IV infusion x10-47 days (mean 15 days)us
Child Dose
Candida Infections
Indicated for candidemia, acute disseminated candidiasis, Candida peritonitis and abscesses, esophageal candidiasis, and prophylaxis of Candida infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) recipients
<4 months: Safety and efficacy not established
>4 months: See specific Candida infection below
Treatment of Candidemia, acute disseminated candidiasis, Candida peritonitis and abscesses
2 mg/kg IV qDay; not to exceed 100 mg/day
Treatment of esophageal candidiasis
<30 kg: 3 mg/kg IV qDay
>30 kg: 2.5 mg/kg IV qDay; not to exceed 150 mg/day
Prophylaxis of Candida infections in HSCT recipients
1 mg/kg IV qDay; not to exceed 50 mg/day
Renal Dose
Administration
IV Preparation
Aseptically add 5 mL 0.9% NaCl to vial to obtain 10 mg/mL (50 mg vial) or 20 mg/mL (100 mg vial)
Gently swirl to mix, do not shake vigorously or vortex
Dilute further by adding reconstituted solution to 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl or D5W
IV Administration
Flush existing infusion line with 0.9% NaCl before administration
Infuse IV over 1 hr
Contra Indications
Hypersensitivity
Precautions
Patient w/ pre-existing risk of malignancy. Severe hepatic impairment. Childn. Pregnancy and lactation. Monitoring Parameters Monitor liver function.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Pregnancy
Based on findings from animal studies, may cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women
Human data are insufficient on use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk of adverse developmental outcomes
Animal studies
In an embryo-fetal toxicity study in pregnant rabbits, IV administration during organogenesis resulted in fetal visceral abnormalities and abortion at 32 mg/kg, a dose equivalent to 4x times the recommended human dose based on body surface area comparisons
Visceral abnormalities included abnormal lobation of the lung, levocardia, retrocaval ureter, anomalous right subclavian artery, and dilatation of the ureter
Lactation
Data are not available regarding the presence of micafungin in human milk, effects on breastfed infants, or effects on milk production
Micafungin was present in the milk of lactating rats following IV administration; when a drug is present in animal milk, it is likely that the drug will be present in human milk
Interactions
May increase exposure of amphotericin B desoxycholate, sirolimus, nifedipine, itraconazole.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Micafungin :
1-10%
Abd pain
Anemia
Headache
Diarrhea
Increased LFTs
Leukopenia
Nausea
Neutropenia
Phlebitis
Pruritus
Pyrexia
Rash
Rigors
Thrombocytopenia
Vomiting
Facial swelling
Vasodilation
<1%
Delirium
Dizziness
Somnolence
Mechanism of Action
Micafungin prevents the synthesis of 1,3-β-D-glucan, an essential fungal cell wall component, by non-competitively inhibiting 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase. Decreased glucan content results in osmotic instability and cellular lysis.