Miconazole Nitrate

Indications

Miconazole Nitrate is used for: Oropharyngeal & Esophageal Candidiasis.

Adult Dose

Oropharyngeal & Esophageal Candidiasis. 1 buccal tablet once daily (apply in the morning) for 7-14 days.

Child Dose

<16 years: Safety and efficacy not established 16 years or older: 1 buccal tablet once daily (apply in the morning) for 7-14 days.

Renal Dose

Administration

Buccal tablet designed to adhere to the gum; do not to crush, chew, or swallow the tablet.

Contra Indications

Hypersensitivity; hepatic impairment. Porphyria.

Precautions

Discontinue if sensitization or irritation occurs. Pregnancy and lactation. Lactation: Unknown whether distributed in breast milk, caution advised

Pregnancy-Lactation

Pregnancy Category: C Lactation: Unknown whether distributed in breast milk, caution advised

Interactions

May increase anticoagulant effect of warfarin. May increase or prolong the effect of the following drugs: Oral hypoglycaemics (e.g. sulfonylureas), phenytoin, HIV protease inhibitors (e.g. saquinavir), antineoplastic agents (e.g. vinca alkaloids, busulfan, docetaxel), Ca channel blockers (e.g. dihydropyridines, verapamil), immunosuppressive agents (e.g. ciclosporin, tacrolimus, sirolimus), carbamazepine, cilostazol, buspirone, disopyramide, alfentanil, sildenafil, alprazolam, brotizolam, midazolam IV, rifabutin, methylprednisolone, trimetrexate, ebastine and reboxetine. Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia w/ astemizole, cisapride, dofetilide, halofantrine, mizolastine, pimozide, quinidine, sertindole, terfenadine. May increase exposure to ergot alkaloids leading to ergotism. May increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis w/ HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (e.g. simvastatin and lovastatin). May increase the effect of triazolam and oral midazolam.

Adverse Effects

Side effects of Miconazole Nitrate : 1-10% Diarrhea (6%), Nausea (4.6%), Headache (5%), Dysgeusia (2.9%), Upper abdominal pain (2.5%), Vomiting (2.5%)

Mechanism of Action

Miconazole inhibits ergosterol synthesis thus damaging fungal cell wall membrane and increases its permeability, allowing leakage of nutrients.