Potassium Chloride 0.003% + Sodium Chloride 0.004% + Sodium Lactate 0.007%
Indications
Potassium Chloride 0.003% + Sodium Chloride 0.004% + Sodium Lactate 0.007% is used for:
Surgery, Blood loss due to trauma, burn injury, Fluid and electrolyte loss, hypovolemic shock.
Adult Dose
Intravenous
The volume and rate of infusion will depend upon the requirements of the patients and the judgement of the physician.
It usually varies with age, weight and clinical condition of the patient.
The recommended flow rate is up to 100-drops/minute/70 kg body weight.
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Kidney failure resulting in diminished production of urine (oliguria)
Kidney failure, preventing production of urine (anuria)
Precautions
It should not be administered rapidly or for prolonged periods. Since the solution contains different electrolytes, it should be infused with caution in patients where electrolyte imbalance may cause detrimental effects; e.g. in pregnancy, renal impairment, heart failure, pulmonary congestion, etc. or to patients receiving potassium.
Sparing diuretics.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Potassium Chloride: Potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ciclosporin and potassium-containing drugs. Antimuscarinics delay gastric emptying time consequently increasing risk of GI adverse effects esp of solid oral dosage forms.
Sodium Chloride: May affect serum concentrations of lithium.
Sodium Lactate: Caution when used in patients receiving corticosteroids or corticotropin.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Potassium Chloride 0.003% + Sodium Chloride 0.004% + Sodium Lactate 0.007% :
Reactions which may occur because of the solution or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending from the site of injection, extravasation, and hypervolemia. Severe burning, pain, or swelling around the IV needle; Warmth, redness, oozing, or bleeding where the IV was placed; fever, ongoing cough.
Mechanism of Action
Sodium chloride is the major extracellular cation. It is important in electrolyte and fluid balance, osmotic pressure control and water distribution as it restores sodium ions. It is used as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration, treatment of metabolic acidosis, priming solution in haemodialysis and treatment of hyperosmolar diabetes. It is also used as diluents for infusion of compatible drug additives.
Potassium chloride is a major cation of the intracellular fluid. It plays an active role in the conduction of nerve impulses in the heart, brain and skeletal muscle; contraction of cardiac skeletal and smooth muscles; maintenance of normal renal function, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism and gastric secretion.
Sodium lactate is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution that is used for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It has metabolic alkalinising ability and is capable of inducing diuresis depending on the clinical condition of the patient.