Varicella Virus Vaccine (Live Attenuated OKA Strain)
Indications
Varicella Virus Vaccine (Live Attenuated OKA Strain) is used for:
Chickenpox
Adult Dose
Subcutaneous
Active immunisation against varicella infection
Adult: >12yr: 2 doses of 0.5 ml each. 2nd dose to be given at least 4 weeks later after the 1st dose.
Postexposure vaccination
Adult: >12 yr: Given within 3-5 days post exposure, a single dose of 0.5 ml. 2nd dose to be given 4 wk after the 1st dose.
Child Dose
Subcutaneous
Active immunisation against varicella infection
Child: >12yr: 2 doses of 0.5 ml each. 2nd dose to be given at least 4 weeks later after the 1st dose.
Child: 1-12 yr: 0.5 ml, as a single dose. If necessary, a 2nd dose is to be given at least 3 mth later.
Postexposure vaccination
Child: >12 yr: Given within 3-5 days post exposure, a single dose of 0.5 ml. 2nd dose to be given 4 wk after the 1st dose.
Child: 1-12 yr: Given within 3-5 days post exposure, a single dose of 0.5 ml. If necessary, a 2nd dose is to be given at least 3 mth later.
Varicella Immunization
Indicated for routine immunization (ACIP guidelines)
Minimum age: 12 months
Routine vaccination
2 dose series: 0.5 mL SC
1st dose: 12-15 months
2nd dose: 4-6 years; may be administered before age 4 yr, provided at least 3 months have elapsed since the first dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Hypersensitivity to neomycin, gelatin or other components of the vaccine. Malignant neoplasm of the bone marrow or lymphatic systems. Patients who are currently on immunosuppressants. Primary or acquired immunodeficiency states. Active untreated tuberculosis, active febrile infection (>38.5°C>. Pregnancy and avoid pregnancy for 1-3 mth following vaccination.
Precautions
Vaccination should be deferred for at least 5-11 mth following blood or plasma transfusion, or admin of immune globulin. Delay admin of vaccine for at least 1 mth after stopping high dose immunosuppressive therapy. Avoid close contact with high risk individuals for up to 6 wk.
Lactation: Not known if excreted in breast milk; use caution
Pregnancy-Lactation
Pregnancy Category: X
Lactation: Not known if excreted in breast milk; use caution
Interactions
Avoid use of salicylates for 6 wk after vaccination to reduce risk of Reye's syndrome. Decreased efficacy of vaccine with antiviral agents active against herpes virus (e.g. aciclovir, valaciclovir). Decreased immnuologic response to live vaccines if patients on immunosuppressive agents e.g. high dose corticosteroids, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, radiation therapy.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Varicella Virus Vaccine (Live Attenuated OKA Strain) :
>10%
Injection site swelling/rash/pruritus/erythema (20%)
Fever >102°F [39°C] (15%)
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Mechanism of Action
Live, attenuated varicella virus stimulates active immunity to disease caused by varicella-zoster virus.
Conveys active immunity via stimulation of production of endogenously produced antibodies .